Wednesday, 25 June 2008

Honda Motors

Hero Honda Motors is one of the largest two-wheeler vehicles in the world. Naturally, the company had a long road to go to achieve such a status and international recognition. During its development the company faced a lot of difficulties and problems that were successfully solved and nowadays when it is targeting one billion dollars revenues the company faces a new obstacle that is probably as serious as it has never had before. After a long period of cooperation, which actually was not ideal, Hero Honda Motors has eventually become very close to find its main partner Honda among its main competitors in the market.
Obviously, it is quite a strange situation but at the same time, it is quite a typical situation and Hero Honda Motors is rather a company representing a developing country which significantly depends on its partners from abroad, notably from well developed industrial countries. This is why it is particularly important to trace the development of relations between Hero and Honda in order to better understand what difficulties may face both companies originating from developing and developed countries, what kind of relationship exists between them, and what actually make or made such companies to closely cooperate worldwide at large and in India, in particular.
The dominant characteristics of the market of scooters, mopeds, and motorcycle in India
It is an undeniable fact that Hero Honda Motors is one of the largest producers of two-wheelers vehicles in the world, and one of the most popular brands in India operating in this industry. The reason of such popularity and the leading position of the company among the producers of two-wheelers is basically explained by the size of Indian market and its specific characteristics.
At this respect, it is quite noteworthy that India has the second largest population in the world, which is actually not very rich but as the rest of the world Indian people also needs some means of transportation. As a result of such a combination of large number of consumers and their low level of income the production of two-wheelers is most perspective industry for this country because Indians couldn’t and often still cannot afford to buy automobiles. Consequently, the development of this industry is naturally retarded compared to the industry of two-wheelers.
Furthermore, another very important fact is that initially India did not have technological opportunities to produce two wheelers, as well as automobiles, of a good quality that made their product less competitive, if competitive at all, compared to other world producers. As a result, Indian government attempted to support local producers of two wheelers and restricted significantly access of foreign companies on the national market, especially during 1940s, when the industry actually started to develop, till 1980s.
However, even when Indian government permitted foreign companies to enter the local market in mid-1980s, it was still necessary for them to cooperate closely with local companies in order to make their products cheaper, otherwise Indian consumers couldn’t simply afford two-wheelers for a high price.
Honda’s entering the Indian market and its international strategy
Honda was on of the first and the most powerful foreign companies that attempted to profit from such a shift in the policy of Indian government and, as soon as restrictions were lessened Honda entered the Indian market of two-wheelers. It should be pointed out that Honda’s entering the market was the part of the company’s international strategy. Honda, being specialised mainly on the production of engines, aimed at the global expansion. Not surprisingly that by 2002 this company had 100 plants in 33 countries. One of the main strategies the company used in the international arena was a so-called ‘glocalization’, which implied the development of local plants that could match the local demands.
As a result, Honda traditionally entered into the joint ventures in order either to overcome certain fiscal restrictions or to get easier access to the local market. The latter is actually one of the main reasons for Honda initially to choose Hero as its partner in production of motorcycles in India. Hero was quite popular company in India and possessed a well developed net of dealers and Honda supposed to contribute technologically to the development of Hero Honda Motors and quickly gain a lion share of the market using Hero’s loyal dealers.
Eventually, the deal was done in June 1984 when the joint venture was created and named Hero Honda Motors that opened new perspectives for the cooperation of two companies.
The relationship between Hero and Honda
The conditions of the creation of the joint venture and its further operation in the Indian market, to a significant extent, defined further relationship between Hero and Honda. Speaking about the structure of Hero Honda Motors, it should be said that both Hero and Honda possessed 26% of the equity and another 26% were sold to the public and the rest was held by financial institutions. In the company administration Honda was presented by four key appointees, including the Joint Managing Director, while Hero, being represented by four family members, could appoint the chairman of the company. Honda basically contributed technologically to the development of Hero Honda Motors, notably the company’s experts ran engineering and quality support functions while Hero’s representatives were responsible for the rest of functions, including marketing.
The development of Hero Honda Motors may be considered quite successful and the company showed a constant growth of production and sales. As a result, the joint venture agreement was renegotiated and extended until 2004. This new agreement was even more profitable for Hero. For instance, its royalty payments decreased form 4% to 0.5%. After the renegotiation the growth continued. For instance, between 1997-2001 Hero Honda Motors showed the growth for 18 consecutive quarters.
However, in 2000s the relations between the companies has started to deteriorate dramatically despite positive results of their cooperation, basically because Honda got to be less and less interested in the cooperation with Hero who had nothing but use Honda’s old technology without real perspectives for modernization.
Hero’s challenges as a result of its cooperation with foreign partners
The recent problems Hero faced is the result of its high level of dependence on foreign technologies, notably that of Honda. Actually, Hero’s problems are typical for companies from developing countries. In the case of Hero Honda motors the situation was deteriorated because representatives of Honda controlled engineering and technological process. Moreover, Honda supplied engines the main components of the Hero Honda Motors’ two-wheelers but, as soon as Honda actually lost its interests in the venture joint and get prepared to launch a new 100% subsidiary Honda Motorcycle and Scooter India, a direct competitor of Hero Honda Motors, the latter lost the last chances to get more or less advanced and contemporary engines and technologies for their two-wheelers.
As a result, the company gradually becomes technologically backward and unable to lead a normal competition in the market that puts under a threat the further existence of Hero Honda Motors.
Obstacles and objectives of Hero
In addition to the problems with the main technological supplier, i.e. Honda, Hero faced another very serious problem that retarded the company’s development and that actually was the direct consequences of the Honda’s unwillingness to modernize production in Hero Honda Motors. This problem was the company’s competitors that grew in power and gain larger share of Indian markets because of the use of more advanced technologies and more attractive prices. The latter concerns in particular Chinese companies and import of two-wheelers from China. In fact, Chinese two-wheelers are significantly cheaper than those produced in India.
By the way, Chinese expansion in the Indian market is, to a significant extent, the result of liberalization of international trade and Indian international policy, which opened the local market for foreign companies.
Moreover, Indian companies are also very serious competitors for Hero, which production gets more and more out of date, while the competitors implement new technologies, even though often they are also up brought from abroad. As a result, Hero gradually loses its share of the market.
In such a situation, the company’s strategy of ‘Operation One Billion’ becomes practically an attainable goal. Consequently, the objectives of the company have to be much more pragmatic and one of the main goals will be to sustain its positions in the market and prevent the company from degradation or even a complete ruin.
Conclusion: Recommendations as for the further development
Obviously, taking into consideration the current situation and the nearest perspectives, it will be very difficult for Hero to achieve the basic goals, which have been just mentioned above. Nonetheless, it is possible to achieve positive results. This can be done primarily through the modernization of the production. Naturally it would be easier to continue the cooperation with Honda, but such cooperation seems to be quite doubtful. This is why it is possible to recommend to find a new supplier of engines and contemporary technologies that could make the Hero’s two-wheelers competitive and not expansive that are traditional characteristics of the company’s product. It is necessary to do in possibly shorter terms and as soon as possible because nowadays the company still has a widely spread net of dealers and it remains to be quite a popular brand but if the time is lost Hero will have to build up practically a new company, a new brand.


By: Irina Nelson

Bicycling — Walking on Wheels

DID you ever hear of Mile-a-Minute Murphy? Back in 1899 he gained his title by cycling one mile in 57 4/5 seconds behind a railroad train. He had persuaded the Long Island Railroad Company to build him a board track, fifty inches wide and two and a half miles long, between the rails. At that time bicycling was the favorite sport of millions around the world, and the bicycle was at the zenith of its popularity.

The bicycle is actually man’s fastest mode of travel under his own power, and in many lands people still view it as a cheap and dependable mode of transportation. Young people are asking for a bicycle to ride from the time they have mastered walking. I can recall how my father and mother cashed in two insurance policies just to get the funds for supplying me and my brother with “bikes.” Soon we were maintaining paper routes several miles long—something that would have been difficult to do without this means of transportation. We cycled to and from school, went on errands, and so got plenty of healthful exercise. For years Dad cycled to and from the windmill manufacturing plant where he was employed.

Today in some lands the bicycle is looked upon as a toy. It has been displaced by the motorcycle and the automobile. Forgotten is the fact that the humble “bike” has exerted a powerful influence on the course of history—particularly in the Americas. By starting the movement toward hard, smooth roads it paved the way for the advent of the automobile. In fact, one writer has claimed that “both physically and psychologically, it was the true parent of the motor car.”

Some Bicycle History

Back in 1860 the bicycle was known as the “bone-shaker.” You can well imagine why, what with its iron tires and the rough, cobblestone streets of those times. A few years later came a highwheeler, in Britain sometimes called the penny-farthing. This model was intended for the more adventurous cyclist, the one interested in speed. It had a large front wheel, some fifty-two inches in diameter, equipped with pedals, and a tiny wheel behind. On a smooth surface the cyclist with this machine could go almost as fast as a horseman. Stopping was a problem, however. And, since it was a drop of some five feet to the ground, many a bone was broken in the attempt to get off these contraptions.

The year 1880 marked a big step forward: chains for driving the back wheel were introduced, and these could be geared any way desired to achieve speed or power. Prior to this, awkward levers had been used to drive the big wheels. In the following ten years came other helpful developments: rubber tires, ball bearings, coaster brakes and handlebars made their debut. Each one helped to build up the bicycle’s popularity.

The “safety” bicycle made its appearance in 1890. With its two wheels of the same size it was essentially the machine that is common today. Americans give credit for its design to the Pope Manufacturing Company of Hartford, Connecticut. However, something very like it appeared simultaneously in England and France. In any event, the Connecticut concern, applying the interchangeable parts system, swiftly took the lead in production, and soon American machines were being exported to all parts of the world.

By the year 1896 some 4,000,000 people in the United States were riding bicycles. Over a million machines were produced in 312 factories in a single year. The American bicycle industry obtained a strong foothold in Britain for a time, largely due to the fact that British manufacturers could not keep up with the tremendous demand. The advent of the automobile, however, had a more immediate effect on bicycle riding in the United States than in Britain or on the European continent. Cars became popular and were priced low enough for the average family, so the bicycles were largely left to the children.

Nevertheless, more than 24,000,000 people in the United States own bicycles. In Denmark, about one of every two persons is the owner of a bicycle, and it is still the common means of transportation in numerous countries where the automobile is viewed as a luxury, beyond the reach of the workingman. Throughout Europe, in Central America, in Indonesia, Japan and North Africa, bicyclists can be seen in droves.

Here in the Dominican Republic the bicycle becomes the mobile place of business for all kinds of salesmen. Some are equipped with a block of ice and bottles of colored syrup. The vendor can be seen everywhere there are crowds, offering cones of shaved ice with the syrup of one’s choice poured on top. Others sell fruits, vegetables and other eatables from their “bikes.” Scissors and knives are sharpened on other modified bicycles. Quite often one will see a bicycle with a special rack mounted on the back for transporting cleaned suits and trousers to those who sent them to the cleaners.

Healthful Transportation

The bicycle certainly has its appeal to lovers of the outdoors and those interested in health. It is a means of getting out on your own into the freedom of the countryside. It has the advantages of walking exercises, and still gets you to distant places much faster. It offers an excellent way of offsetting the harmful effects of a sedentary life. Tourist organizations catering to this kind of travel have arranged for hostels to be set up along main routes every ten or fifteen miles.

The bicycle is also a useful instrument as an aid in getting the good news of God’s kingdom spread to people in remote areas, even where good roads are not available. All the cyclist needs is a beaten footpath. And as to upkeep and storage, a hallway or a space under the stairs and a rag with some fine oil will do. So, one does not have to wait until he can afford an automobile in order to get out into remote places with the message that can bring people comfort and hope from God’s promises.

Not only is bicycling a good way of getting around, free of the worry of engine breakdowns. Its pace is slow enough to allow for the feasting of one’s eyes on the passing scene, rejoicing in the marvels of God’s creation around one. The wind blowing in one’s face, the flush from effort needed to climb a hill, the silence and the sense of freedom all add to the overall healthful effects from “walking on wheels.”


By: apple1165

Friday, 20 June 2008

Should I Buy New Motorcycle Engines or Used Motorcycle Engines?

It depends a lot on what you intend to use your Motorcycle Engines for. If you are going to be using the Motorcycle Engines solely for installation on motorcycles, then used Motorcycle Engines may do already (though if you really want to splurge, new ones are even better.) But what if you were going to place the Motorcycle Engines in cars (rather than car engines)? How would that work out?

Actually, this is already being done by many car assembly hobbyists. Usually, the cars to be powered by Motorcycle Engines are just small cars whose size and weight specifications are proportional to the power output of the Motorcycle Engines. As far back as the 1940s, the Cooper Car Company had been undertaking this practice - to make race cars, at that. Even BMW had tried doing that too in the 1950s. Though the general public may be ignorant of this trend, motorcycle and car assembly hobbyists know this practice works and with relatively good results. Their creations might be known as motorcycle/car hybrids.

The motorcycle/car hybrids are probably still being built today in someone's backyard with better results than those experienced back in the 1940s and 1950s – all because modern day Motorcycle Engines are stronger, faster, and better engineered than their early ancestors. Thanks to the decades of research done on how to improve Motorcycle Engines, hobbyists are reaping better rewards from their hybrid assembly efforts.

However, just because it looks like a car, runs like a car, and seems to behave like a car doesn't mean your motorcycle/car hybrid is automatically allowed on public and private roads in your country. The fact that you are using Motorcycle Engines to power the hybrids may be breaking the law for motor vehicles at some point (especially if you are one of the first to make and try to run these types of hybrids in that country.) So, unless you have some kind of special permit to run your hybrid on public and private roads, you may have to confine use of your Motorcycle Engines-powered hybrid vehicle in special areas only (like in a private racetrack or in an enclosed private family compound.)

If you are attracted to the idea of building motorcycle/car hybrid vehicles powered by Motorcycle Engines by yourself, be forewarned that the process actually entails quite an all-encompassing knowledge of how Motorcycle Engines work, how cars work, and how you can bridge any differences in the engineering of both or either with your own creativity and resources. A very smart mechanic/hobbyist can probably learn from manuals and prototypes alone – but for the less experienced and less talented hobbyist, full-time tutelage under someone very experienced in creating motorcycle/car hybrid vehicles might be more appropriate. There's no shame in asking for experienced guidance (except maybe to your ego) and in the end, you may get better results that way.

Equally surprising is that companies have been established throughout the world which concentrate on creating such motorcycle/car hybrid vehicles, many for racing. It might benefit you if you did research on how these companies do their work before you set about creating your own motorcycle/car hybrid vehicle.

By: Billy Edwards

Use a Payday Loan for Your First Car

Use a Payday Loan for Your First Car
So you are fresh out of university and you got yourself a nice job. You’re earning quite well and you are all set to live a life of your own finally. There is only one problem – you need a car that you can call your own. You probably had one during your uni days – your parents might have gotten it for you or you inherited it from your dad. The thing is, it is probably going bonkers on you. As old as it is, you probably want one that would serve you better. Am I painting a familiar picture here?
I am sure that you would want a car of your own, something a bit better than that old piece of junk you have. Then again, being relatively new on the job, you might not have had enough time to save up for something flashy and brand new. How about a used car? Maybe you can find one for relatively cheap and yet do the trick.
So you find one for several thousand pounds, maybe less. What is your next step? You are probably thinking about dealer financing or taking out a car loan from your bank. Both are feasible, of course, but what if you could get some cash to augment what you might have stashed away in a much easier manner and without too much hassle?
For some cases, a payday loan could work for you. For example, if you only need about £1,000 to £1, 500 more to purchase that car using cash, you can save a lot more than if you took up the dealer’s offer for financing. Same thing for a car loan from a conventional bank. You merely have to look for a good payday loan provider and you could get that extra money that you need to pay for your car in cash.
What do you need to take out a payday loan? First, you must be at least 18 years old. Since you are out of university, I assume that you are over this age. Next, you must have a regular source of income. If you have that job, then you are good to go. You might have to be in that job for at least several months before a payday loan provider considers you as qualified, but that should be easy enough. You’d also have to provide proof that you have that job. You simply have to compile your latest pay stubs and then show them to your payday loan provider. You also need a current bank account so that the payday loan provider can deposit the money into the account as soon as possible.
So you’ve got all of the requirements, what do you do? Just go online and fill out the application form! Once you send it in, you will merely have to wait for an hour or so – maybe several hours – to get your approval. Then, you’ll get the money in your bank account within the next day, several days at the most. Before you know it, you’ll be driving your own set of wheels!

By: Jonathan Swift

Wednesday, 18 June 2008

How To Pick Good Motorcycle Parts

You may know that you need certain motorcycle parts for your bike. You just may not get how you are supposed to pick out the good ones from the bad ones. What should you look for? Who's reliable?

When you are starting your search for your motorcycle parts you may figure that everyone everywhere has the same kind of parts and that you can just go down the street and pick them up. That's the last thing that you really want to do.

When you go to a parts store for your motorcycle parts, you may think that the cheapest one is going to be the best for you. That can be true, but often times it's really not. You need to consider a couple of other things as well. Ask if there is a warranty on the motorcycle part that you need. You may have to pay more for it, but it's worth it in the long run if something happens with the motorcycle part that you bought.

Another thing to look for is what extras may be with it. The warranty is one of the most important things but you should also know what other things may come with the part that you pick. Does it come with a gasket or are you going to have to buy it separately? This can make the price more than what you may have initially thought when you started purchasing your motorcycle parts.

You can also get used motorcycle parts, but you will not have any kind of warranty that says that they will keep working or even work in the first place for you. This makes it a little iffy on whether you should purchase them, even if the price is right.

You really just need to take the time to look for the right motorcycle parts for what you are doing and you need to understand the questions that you should be asking before you buy them. This will help you to get the right part for your needs as well as getting it done right the first time. If you get a good quality motorcycle part for your bike, you won't have to change it out later. You want to have fun when you are riding your bike, not worry about the motorcycle parts that you put on it last week and whether they are going to stay in working condition.

By: Victor Epand

Gas Tanks For Your Motorcycle Parts

When you go into the motorcycle shop you will most likely find that all the different motorcycles look the same. This is something that the people that design motorcycles do not care about and they will mass produce these bikes for those that will buy them.

When you get a bike, it will probably look like all the other bikes out there that you may have seen running around town. This is because of the demand for a certain looking motorcycle. A good way to make your bike your own, is to design a tank that will work for your bike and use different motorcycle parts.

A good place to start looking for a person that can help you design you tank, is on the Internet. There are many sites that have experts as well as have a great number of people that can help point you in the right direction and help with your motorcycle parts design. You just have to make sure that they are located in your area so that you won't have to ship the motorcycle parts to them where they are at. This can be a hard find, but you can do it.

Another great place to look for a person that can help you with your motorcycle parts design is at your local motorcycle parts store. This is where all the riders and customizers hang out, so it's a natural place for finding the right person to help you with it.

If you're a brave person that knows about metal work, you can even do it on your own. This can be a long process and you should make sure that you have the right tools for this kind of work. You may not consider this until it's too late to go back on your work and fix it.

There are many things that you need to think about when you are looking at changing out your motorcycle parts and making your bike look different. This is a great way to change your own image so that you are easy to see and easy to admire. Just make sure that you take the time to find the right motorcycle parts for your job and that you are truly qualified to really do it by yourself. You want to get it right and not have to take the extra time to redo it, just to get it right.

By: Victor Epand

Hauling Your Motorcycle Parts Off

Once you get your motorcycle and get it home, you may wonder how you are going to be able to haul any motorcycle parts with you that you may need. This is not an odd question at all. Really, though, how are you going to do it?

This has been the problem of many motorcycle riders and there is a solution to their problem if they are willing to look at it and find the options that are in front of them. You can always come up with new and inventive ways to haul your motorcycle parts if you are a creative person. This is not going to be the end of your motorcycle riding, if you can't find a good way to haul these parts around your area or around the country.

The best thing may be a small pull behind trailer. These are made for motorcycle parts or for things that a person may take with oneself on long motorcycle rides. You can get them in many different colors as well as looks. They are normally very small so that they don't pull on the motorcycle too hard and cause any damage to it. You will be able to find these great little trailers at your local motorcycle parts stores and at the dealers that may be in the area that you live in.

The other option is to use your saddlebags for carrying smaller tools that you may need as well as motorcycle parts that you may need on your trip. If you are not sure which ones to get, you can look around in the motorcycle parts store for ideas and tricks that will help you with them.

If you get caught out in the world without these parts, you may find that you are stuck walking instead of riding like you really will want to. Take some time to find the right way to haul your motorcycle parts so that you won't be that walking person and will be able to get your bike up and running again in the long run. It's really very easy to let it slip by until you realize that you should have done it and need the help now. Finding the right way to haul your motorcycle parts can be as easy as going down the street to your local motorcycle parts dealer and taking a look around the place.

By: Victor Epand